Development of an Internet of Things (IoT)-Based Smart Grid for Monitoring, Control, and Energy Consumption Efficiency in Urban Areas

Abstract

As urban areas continue to grow, so does their energy consumption, creating a need for more efficient and adaptive energy distribution systems. Traditional power grids are becoming inadequate to meet the increasing and dynamic energy demands in cities. In response to these challenges, the development of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based Smart Grid offers an innovative solution for enhancing energy consumption efficiency, monitoring, and control in urban areas. This study aims to explore the integration of IoT technologies into Smart Grids, providing a framework for improving the monitoring and control of energy use. By conducting a systematic literature review, this research synthesizes existing studies and theoretical frameworks on IoT-based Smart Grid systems, focusing on the latest technological advancements in energy management. The review highlights the potential of IoT-enabled devices, such as smart meters and sensors, to gather real-time data, which can be used to optimize energy distribution, reduce consumption, and enhance grid reliability. Findings from the literature reveal that IoT-based Smart Grids improve energy efficiency, support renewable energy integration, and reduce operational costs. However, challenges such as high implementation costs, system interoperability, and data security concerns must be addressed for widespread adoption. This research contributes to the body of knowledge on Smart Grids and IoT applications, providing a comprehensive overview of best practices and identifying opportunities for further research in urban energy systems.