The Implementation of BIM in the Early Planning Stage of High-Rise Building Construction Projects

Abstract

The construction industry, characterized by complexity and multidisciplinary interdependence, has increasingly adopted Building Information Modeling (BIM) to enhance efficiency and coordination. Despite its global recognition, BIM's implementation during the early planning phase of high-rise building projects in Indonesia remains limited. This study aims to explore how early-stage BIM adoption impacts project performance, particularly in terms of design coordination, time efficiency, and cost estimation. Employing a qualitative research methodology, this paper conducts a systematic literature review drawing on peer-reviewed sources from 2020–2025. The PRISMA framework guided data identification, screening, and inclusion, ensuring methodological rigor. Thematic analysis was used to categorize findings into key themes such as BIM benefits, implementation challenges, and adoption strategies. The results show that early BIM implementation significantly enhances design coordination (85%), improves clash detection (80%), and increases cost estimation accuracy (78%). Additional benefits include schedule optimization and material waste reduction. Case studies from international projects—like the Suzhou Zhongnan Center and projects by Turner International—demonstrate that BIM integration at early planning stages helps mitigate design conflicts, streamline interdisciplinary workflows, and support informed decision-making. However, challenges in the Indonesian context include high initial costs, lack of trained professionals, minimal client demand, and cultural resistance. Strategic solutions proposed include tiered training, regulatory incentives, adoption of Common Data Environments (CDE), and national digital roadmaps. These findings underscore the urgent need for institutional and professional transformation to fully leverage BIM’s potential in Indonesia’s high-rise construction sector.